With a Backpack Through Africa 17: Mau Mau

 The colonial authority panicked. They declared a state of emergency, and began confining people to "protected villages" surrounded by barbed wire and ditches, where a curfew applied.

By the defeat of the Mau Mau rebels in 1960, 13,500 Africans – Mau Mau guerrillas, civilians, and soldiers – had died, along with about 100 Europeans, including 32 settlers.